How CCGs can work with health and wellbeing boards
Giles Peel looks at the ongoing development of health and wellbeing boards, and their burgeoning relationships with clinical commissioning groups. (Source: HSJ)

Induction of autophagic cell death by a novel molecule is increased by hypoxia.
Authors: Tafani M, Schito L, Anwar T, Indelicato M, Sale P, Di Vito M, Morgante E, Beraldi R, Makovec F, Letari O, Caselli G, Spadafora C, Pucci B, Russo MA Adaptation to hypoxia through activation of the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is crucial for tumor cells survival. Here we describe the antitumoral effects of the new molecule CR 3294 on tumor cells in the presence of hypoxia. Treatment of the breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231 with CR 3294 in 1% O(2) resulted in an in vivo and in vitro inhibition of tumor growth. CR 3294 induced accumulation of autophagosomes in hypoxic MDA-MB-231 cells as assessed by both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the autophagic marker LC3-II. TEM analysis revealed the presence of invaginations of the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Autophago...